Common Health Issues in Senior Labrador Retrievers

Helping Your Aging Lab Live a Healthier, Happier Life

Labrador Retrievers are known for their boundless energy, intelligence, and affectionate nature. But as they enter their senior years—typically around age seven—they can face a range of health challenges that require careful attention from loving owners.

Understanding these common health issues can help you provide the best possible care for your aging Lab and ensure their golden years are filled with comfort, dignity, and joy. I’ve been fortunate enough to have had dozens of Labs, and they all developed issues as they aged—some more than others. On a positive note, they all lived active lives, some as long as 17 years!

1. Arthritis and Joint Pain

Arthritis is extremely common in older Labradors, especially due to their large size and active lifestyles. Over the years, their joints undergo significant wear and tear. Common symptoms include stiffness after rest, limping, reluctance to climb stairs, or decreased interest in walks.

If left untreated, arthritis can significantly diminish a dog’s quality of life. Anti-inflammatory medications, low-impact exercise such as swimming, joint-support products (like glucosamine and chondroitin), and orthopedic bedding can help manage the discomfort.

2. Hip and Elbow Dysplasia

Labradors are genetically prone to hip and elbow dysplasia—a developmental condition where the joints form improperly. Even if a dog is diagnosed early, symptoms may become more noticeable with age.

Dogs with dysplasia may struggle to get up from lying down, show signs of pain when touched, or shift weight unevenly when walking. Physical therapy, weight management, and, in some cases, surgery may be needed to manage this lifelong issue.

3. Obesity

As dogs age, their metabolism slows but their love for food usually does not. Senior Labradors are particularly susceptible to weight gain, which can compound other health issues like arthritis, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.

Regular vet visits, controlled portion sizes, healthy low-calorie treats, and daily exercise are essential in keeping your dog’s weight in check. Many senior dog foods are formulated with fewer calories and added nutrients to support aging joints and organs.

4. Vision and Hearing Loss

Many senior Labradors experience diminished vision and hearing. Cataracts, nuclear sclerosis, and progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) can all contribute to poor eyesight. While these conditions may not always be painful, they can cause disorientation and anxiety.

Similarly, hearing loss may result in unresponsiveness to commands or increased startle responses. You can help your dog adjust by keeping your home layout consistent, using hand signals, and avoiding sudden movements or loud noises.

5. Cognitive Decline

Canine Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome (CCDS), often referred to as “doggy dementia,” affects a growing number of senior dogs. Symptoms include disorientation, wandering, changes in sleep cycles, house soiling, and a general decrease in responsiveness.

Although CCDS cannot be cured, certain prescription diets, antioxidant-rich products, and mental stimulation (like puzzle toys and gentle training) can slow the progression and help your Labrador stay mentally sharp.

6. Heart Disease

Cardiovascular issues can develop in older Labradors and may go unnoticed in the early stages. Symptoms such as coughing (especially at night), lethargy, reduced appetite, or labored breathing warrant immediate veterinary evaluation.

Echocardiograms and chest X-rays can help diagnose heart disease early. Depending on the condition, your vet may prescribe medications to support heart function and recommend a low-sodium diet.

7. Cancer

Sadly, cancer is one of the leading causes of death in older dogs. Labradors can develop various forms, including mast cell tumors, lymphoma, or bone cancer. Watch for unexplained lumps, persistent lameness, changes in appetite, sudden weight loss, or unusual bleeding.

Regular physical exams and lab work are your best tools for early detection. Early treatment—whether surgery, chemotherapy, or palliative care—can often improve outcomes.

8. Dental Disease

Neglecting dental health can have widespread effects, especially in senior Labradors. Gum disease and tooth decay can lead to chronic pain, difficulty eating, and systemic infections that affect vital organs.

Daily dental chews, canine-safe toothpaste, and routine professional cleanings can make a dramatic difference in your dog’s health and comfort. Signs of trouble include bad breath, excessive drooling, and pawing at the mouth.

9. Incontinence and Kidney Issues

As dogs age, the risk of urinary incontinence and kidney dysfunction increases. Older female Labradors, in particular, may experience urine leakage while resting or sleeping. This could also signal underlying urinary tract infections or kidney disease.

A veterinary checkup and basic urine tests can often reveal the cause. Many cases of incontinence respond well to medication.

What You Can Do Today

If you’re caring for a senior Labrador, consider implementing a few simple strategies today:

• Schedule wellness checkups every 6 months

• Monitor weight and feed age-appropriate food

• Provide joint-support products recommended by your vet

• Create a safe, slip-free home with rugs and ramps

• Spend time engaging your dog mentally and physically

• Maintain good dental hygiene practices

By being proactive, observant, and informed, you can make your Labrador’s senior years not just manageable—but deeply fulfilling. Their loyalty, companionship, and love deserve the very best in return.

To learn more about caring for older Labs, visit Common Health Issues in Senior Labrador Retrievers—your trusted resource for senior dog health and happiness.